Which Citizenship-by-Investment Programmes Are Still Available?

The number of citizenship-by-investment or expedited naturalisation programmes is decreasing.

In 2023, Grenada suspended the acceptance of new applications from Belarusian and Russian citizens.

At the beginning of 2025, Kyrgyzstan also suspended new applications for citizenship (between 2022 and 2024, this programme was particularly popular among Belarusian and Russian nationals). Based on global practice with similar "suspensions," it can be expected that this "suspension" will last for the coming years.

What Options Remain?

Citizens of Belarus and Russia can still apply for citizenship in Vanuatu and Turkey, both of which offer citizenship-by-investment schemes. 

Citizenship by Descent

On these grounds, you do not need to reside in the country to obtain a passport or prove your grounds after a period of time. Moldova, Israel, and Romania remain the most popular options for applicants seeking citizenship by descent.

Naturalisation

This route typically requires long-term residence in the country, although certain exceptions may apply. The minimum period is usually 3–5 years, with Germany, Portugal, Cyprus, and the Netherlands being among the most attractive jurisdictions in terms of processing times.

It is important to note that there are currently no legal citizenship-by-investment programmes in Europe available to Belarusian and Russian nationals.

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